In response to the annexation, Pius VII had the bull Quum memoranda posted, excommunicating the despoilers of the Holy See without naming the Emperor. Napoleon had the pope seized on the night of 5-6 July; a five-year captivity began, at Savona and then Fontainebleau. The conflict deprived the regime of the support of part of the clergy and weighed heavily in 1814.
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